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Hey, good morning, good afternoon, good evening wherever you may be.

Scott Lewton and supply chain hall of famer Jake Barr with you here on supply chain now.

Welcome to today's live stream.

Hey Jake, how you doing today?

It's another glorious week and bringing global supply chains to bear.

That is right.

And we've got a big, big edition of the Buzz today, Jake in that, in that regard.

So folks, as you know, Every Monday at 12 noon Eastern time it's the Buzz where we discuss a variety of news developments across global supply chain and business news that matters is what we like to call it.

We've got a terrific show here today.

We're gonna be talking about Superman and supply chain orchestration.

Hey, how are those two things connected?

Hey, just what is threatening global copper supply and why it's important The EU is planning some big moves to secure its critical chemicals and spe you its trade disagreements with China are starting to simmer a bit more.

All that and a whole bunch more, Jake should be a great addition to the Buzz, huh?

It's another day and never normal.

Another day and never normal.

So true.

Folks.

Stay tuned for a great show.

Two things before we get going.

First give us your take in the comments.

Whether you're tuned in via LinkedIn, X, YouTube, Facebook, Twitch, no matter, let us know what you think.

And secondly, if you enjoy today's show, we'd love for you to share it with your friend or your network.

They'll be glad you did.

Okay, so Jake, I've got a fun warm up question to ask you in just a minute but to set that up, I'm going to share the latest edition of our newsletter.

With that said now we started with a quick review of the global blockbuster Superman.

Ben and I. Ben is my resident comic book consultant and expert.

We went and saw the movie over the weekend.

We both gave it two thumbs up but it's debatable out there for what I'm here so now one of my favorite elements though to the whole Superman franchise is John Williams legendary film score including the majestic theme song Superman March.

We're going to drop a link to not only with that said but also to a great YouTube edition of John Williams leading orchestra in Japan from a couple years ago.

But you watch that performance Jake.

It is mesmerizing to see all the oboes and the flutes and the French horns, the Percussion, the violins, you name it, all come together in perfect harmony in rhythm to deliver extraordinary and inspiring performance of Superman March.

And you know, there's a supply chain orchestration analogy there.

So hang on to that thought for just a second.

But folks, check out with that said for our latest data points, tools, resources and of course, some of our live upcoming events, which we always include for the week coming up.

So we're going to drop a link there.

Okay, Jake, back to superheroes first.

This edition of Superman is like the third or fourth reboot.

I'd recommend you go out and check it out.

I want to ask Jake.

Jake, are you a fan, thumbs up or thumbs down on superhero films?

Thumbs up.

Without question.

Are you kidding me?

Without question.

And your favorite is.

Oh wow, the man of Steel has some allure.

It's Batman.

Okay.

Batman.

And your favorite actor that performed in that Batman role was who?

Keaton.

Without question.

Michael Keaton.

Yes.

Well, you know that 1989, his first film as Batman when Jack Nicholson was the Joker.

That was one of the biggest hype movies and movies that delivered in my lifetime and delivered.

But I go back in true supply chain fashion to the very genesis of many of these characters, right.

So I've been around for that many decades.

So my John Wayne perspective, I've seen them in living color even on tube before and in their page based method of a comic book series.

Right.

So I can walk you through all of the dimensions of those.

It is good to see them recreate and try and add additional dimensions because that's what the world is about, right?

Trying to find how to bring more insight, more spin to what they've already created.

So true.

Folks, we'd love to get you to weigh in whether you're Maharaj is tuned in From India on LinkedIn.

Hey, let us know what your favorite movie is or if you've seen Superman 2025 yet.

Let us know this user.

Amanda, let me know who this.

Oh, this is Charlotte.

Charlotte, who's tuned in from France.

Charlotte, let us know if you've seen Superman 2025 yet or what your favorite superhero movies are.

Okay, we got a lot to get to here, Jake, but hey, well, I want to circle back.

We have dropped the link to that performance of Superman March, folks.

Check it out.

Brilliant.

It really is.

So with that in mind, Jake, and going back to Supply Chain Orchestration, which of course we've had lots of conversations, action driven conversations here at Supply Chain now about if you had a captive room full of supply chain leaders at the Waldorf Astoria hotel up in New York City and they were just watching and hanging on your every word.

What would be a couple of key considerations related to supply chain orchestration that you would share with that room?

Supply chain orchestration really is a way to deal with never normal.

And in fact, if anything, it's a linchpin foundation element that you have to understand is a prerequisite for actually moving forward.

If you cannot bring together that end to end basis of your ecosystem, regardless of whether you own the assets or the partners or not, to be able to manage the amount of chaos that we have to work through, regardless of its source, you're really again, and I've used this analogy before, you're really endangering hanging up or going out of business Shangle today.

It is that fundamental to how you do business.

Well said.

And you know, one of my favorite elements, and I've said this before too, but you know how redundant I like to be.

Jake, one of the favorite things I've talked about that we've talked about in recent months is, you know, there's so much, and rightly so, so much focus on optimizing decision making, right?

And it's really cool to see the latest approaches and technologies help us do that.

But my favorite parts, one of my favorite parts about supply chain orchestration is it can eliminate the need to make a lot of decisions and it frees up that time to focus on other priorities and other decisions that have to be made, including humans.

Jake, I know you appreciate that value too.

It turns your people into decision shapers as opposed to firefighters.

Love it.

Love it.

Okay.

All right, folks, we got a lot to get to here on the buzz.

I want to share before we move on and get into the news.

You're going to not want to miss Jake's take on some of these stories.

I want to share a great free resource, folks.

We're Talking about the U.S. bank freight payment Index, which is really powerful when it comes to helping folks better understand what's going on with the domestic freight market.

It's released every quarter and it helps to unpack key supply chain and economic takeaways, especially from a data driven perspective, folks.

The next release is August 5th as a Q2 2025 version is published.

You can learn more at Freight usbank.com and I invite you to join us live on August 6th.

Almost said October 6th.

We're moving fast.

Not quite that fast.

Join us live on August 6th at 12 noon Eastern Time as we're featuring Bob Costello, chief economist with the American Trucking associations who's going to be offering up must see analysis and market commentary.

That should be an outstanding session.

And Corri, one of my favorites, Craig Burst is joining us as well.

Jake, it's gonna be a great show, huh?

Even between here and now, you're gonna see Bobby, Bob and Bobby talk honestly about a very different dynamic that's spinning it up somewhat is an outcome of the terror situation.

That is right.

And of course Bob, Bobby, we're talking about Bobby Holland, the famed analyst and data scientist from US bank who always joins us for these quarterly shows.

All right, so folks, you can get your copy of the Free US Bank Freight Payment Index right there, one click away.

And I also want to make sure you are aware of the with that said, we dropped in earlier.

That comes out about every weekend and you're not going to want to miss the resources, tools and shows and perspective that we include right there.

Okay, so Jake, we're going to get into the news.

We're going to start with this what's going on in the copper industry.

I'm going to summarize at a high level, two quick stories and then we're getting Jake's takeaway here.

So copper global supply is being threatened by a couple of continued and increasing risks.

So firstly here as reported by IT Pro, analysis from PwC shows that about 32% of global semiconductor production will be dependent on copper supplies that are at risk of water shortages over the next 10 years.

One particular market that's a big supplier to the copper industry is Chile and that's at big risk due to water shortages.

In fact, some copper mining operations in Chile are already investing in water desalination techniques to help address water and potential production shortages.

Secondly, copper theft is also posing a growing risk to global copper supply.

As reported here by the Wall Street Journal, copper prices have increased globally.

For example, here in the U.S. copper is up about 35% this year alone.

But not only are procurement pros noticing this, but thieves are tracking it and have turned their attention to getting into the copper game to make a buck or two or 10.

Varusque Cargo Net says copper thefts in the US and Canada are up 61% in the first six months of 2025 when compared to the same timeframe last year.

Lastly, the so what?

For some of you out there may be asking that copper is instrumental in the production of a whole bunch of stuff including electrical wiring, industrial machinery and oh yeah, semiconductors.

It's kind of a big deal.

So Jake, we were talking pre show you've Got a lot of takes here on what's going on in the copper industry.

Give us your thoughts.

This is a big problem, guys.

You must understand there is a finite amount of rare earth materials, copper being one of them.

There are fundamentally the globe depends upon about five principal sources for being able to derive its requirements for copper at the moment.

Chile, as you mentioned, by the way.

Let's put some dimension on that.

23% of the global consumption for copper is derived from shipments out of mines and Chile right now.

So you would say, wait, oh God, you know, yeah, it's an issue, but you can destroy it.

No, no.

The last major copper find of any kind of relevance occurred in 2020, okay?

And that was only about, if I remember right, it added about 15 million metric tons, okay.

To the global cover supply, you should say, well, wait, 15 million metric tons, that's a lot.

No, hey guys, back up, let's back up the truck and unpack this for a second.

That just the difference.

And I'll forget about industrial uses, etcetera, which it's a mainstay for wiring and infrastructure and mechanical machinery, etc.

H vacs that cool and you know, heat your home, et cetera, et cetera.

But let's focus on from a supply chain perspective where we're going in terms of mass computing power, et cetera.

The amount of copper that is needed for interconnects for next gen level AI processors is dramatically more than a single traditional chip, a data processing center.

AI based data processing center.

I mean, it will take on average about 50,000 tons of copper just to bring it online.

Wow.

One facility.

One facility.

Wow.

And we have hundreds of these facilities that are currently not in visionary mode.

They're on delivery road maps over the next four years just for the US alone, guys.

So we have made a market out of the constrained supply and the theft market of turning that into a resale business, right?

So I date back.

Look, necessity, the mother of invention for anything, right?

I've lived through literally containers of health care products where they took apart the container in route, took everything out of it and welded it back together without breaking the freight seals on it, right?

So when you think about at its current price of about $10,000 per metric tonight, just do the math for yourself, what one truckload of copper is worth rolling down the road.

Wow.

I need a calculator and maybe an abacus and definitely an Excel spreadsheet to do that math.

But anyway, kidding aside, it's a big, big deal.

It's a big deal.

But look this up.

Copper is the backbone of the electrical grid because it's the second best conductor of electricity after silver.

Of course, it's a lot more affordable than silver.

So we're, we're using it right now, Jake, that's, we're sitting there delivering the news, but we're going to keep our finger on the pulse of this story.

Let's put a capstone on at least a couple of outcomes that our viewers really need to understand.

From a supply chain standpoint, the price is going to continue to go up because we haven't found another big wealth of rare earth minerals to be able to bring into the chain.

From a procurement standpoint, the cost just to process and make it available is you alluded to in the Chile example.

Right.

It's not an inexpensive element to actually go through and do the separation and do the final cultivation of it.

So you're going to have higher processing costs that are going to go into per ton yields.

And so anything you're talking about that's tied to electrical grid, industrial equipment, et cetera, you need to be proactively thinking future forward.

How can I buffer myself with, for example, backup capacity, etc.

That'll help me to offset this issue.

Yep, that's a great capstone.

And adding to that, just the latest reason why we've got to invest in freight security.

Right.

Because those rates are taken off and infrastructure security.

Right.

That bad folks aren't just taking them from freight and transit, they're taking them right out of facilities.

Oh, yes.

So good stuff there, Jake.

Bad stuff, but good information.

All right.

John Peterson tuned in from Marietta, Georgia.

How have you been, my friend?

Great to see you.

I'd love to get your take on what we're seeing here in the copper industry, you and David and everyone else.

All right, so Jake, we're going to move right along and we're going to talk about, on a bit of a related note, protecting critical chemicals and what the EU is doing in that regard here.

So as reported here by Reuters, the EU will launch a critical chemical alliance this year bringing together the commission member states, industry groups to strengthen 27 nation organizations Industrial chemical supply chains.

Key goals include identifying strategic chemical sites in need of support, reducing import dependency.

For example, 80% of methanol is imported to meet their needs there across the EU and addressing trade challenges.

Of course, chemical production has declined significantly.

In fact, over 20 plants, especially petrochemical and ammonia facilities, have closed in the past two years across the EU due to competition from lower cost US and Chinese producers.

Now, the aim of the critical chemical alliance, the policies themselves are focused on integrating chemicals into future trade deals.

Tightening import monitoring, extending state aid to offset energy costs, speeding up permitting and approvals is something Jake just spoke about, because there's no overnight solutions.

We gotta speed up those regulatory processes.

It's also focused on embedding EU content requirements in procurement and contracts and all, and reducing European Union chemicals industry costs.

So Jake, your thoughts on what the EU is doing to address some of these chemical shortages and industry shortfalls?

Well, I think first, you know, we should back up and say, hey, this is a parallel activity of what others have undertaken in non chemical sectors.

Because if you look at the criticality that chemicals represents to a minimum of at least three large scale industrial sectors verticals wise in Europe, I mean, you could rattle off pharma and life science, you could talk about all the sustainability efforts across the continent and then obviously, but in a defense context as well.

So you look at that and you say, hey, what they're doing is they've woken up to the fact that they're exposed on the availability of the products in question and they've realized they can't do this in a haphazard way.

They need to actually bind together so that they're looking at a WHO holistic solution for how they can help protect what their needs are across these things.

And I actually support what they're doing because I also think it's helping streamline what has been the contributing factor for why some of those installations and production facilities actually shut down.

Right.

Because they were dealing with different rule sets.

Right.

And it made it a little bit more difficult for them to viably operate across the larger geography.

So they were being undercut by external competition.

Right.

But at the same time they couldn't fight back because the rule sets were also there.

Right, Good stuff.

We'll see when it launches and early returns.

And but it sounds to echo your sentiments there, Jake.

It sounds like a smart and overdue set of actions by the EU and probably something that other parts of the world can probably benchmark study and act on in their own.

Right.

But if you look at some of the effort, you'll see some terminology they offer up and I try to make sure I paraphrase it correctly, but it's call it building block molecules, Scott.

So their focus is really from the ground up and saying, hey, these ingredients and these elements are going to be critical to us long term across a number of sectors and we need to make sure we have a viable way to have them available and to protect the sourcing of it.

Great addition there, Jake.

And it just reminds me for the main time why I should have paid more attention in chemistry class.

I'm letting Ms. Beckham down, but good stuff.

We're going to keep our finger on the pulse of the story as well.

All right, Jake, we're going to stick with the EU here.

We're going to talk about a little different twist of a topic.

Tariffs, trades, headaches, negotiations, frustrations.

Yeah, we're going to dive more into all that.

So as reported by cnbc, while the volatile US Trade policies and actions have taken of course center stage this year, the EU and China may have fireworks of their own Brewing.

Recent EU restrictions blocking Chinese participation in public RFPs for medical devices, well, that prompted China to impose curbs on EU medical device imports.

Along with new duties on that delicious EU brandy.

These tit for tat measures reflect a shift, according to many trade analysts out there.

What was once an optimistic EU brandy China trade relationship is now marked by escalating protectionism and mutual investigation.

Some predict that ahead of the EU China July 24 summit in Beijing, tensions are unlikely to be resolved, casting doubt on a growing trade relationship that some pointed at as a leverage point for both groups.

Negotiations with the U.S. well, as we all know, global trade, it ain't easy.

Jake, your thoughts on what we're seeing here?

I don't anticipate any de escalation in what's going on between the EU and China.

In fact, if anything, I think it will end up being a little bit stirring the drink of why the EU and the US actually come back and coalesce on a number of topics because fundamentally that will be the answer when you look at the major trading sources in the world, business economics ultimately play out win.

And I think you'll see that play out here.

Yep, well said.

We'll see what comes out of the summit, but there's a lot of practical pessimism out there.

We shall see.

All right, so Jake, only related note, tariffs, headaches, you know, and supply chain, how that all rolls into supply chain management as we navigate through these volatile times.

We've got great resources here.

Tariffs, of course, are top of mind for distributors and manufacturers across supply chains everywhere.

They're wrecking havoc on pricing and margins while a lot of companies are still in wait and see mode.

That's a dangerous mode to be in if you're looking to get ahead of all the chaos or the continued chaos.

Enable's new tariff price planner lets you turn all that uncertainty into opportunity.

This tool gives you real time insights into how changing tariffs impact your costs and prices and lets you adjust pricing instantly to protect your margins.

There's lots of research out there that talks about how margins are taking a hit because folks can't make price changes fast enough.

With this tool, you can even simulate pricing strategies before making any moves, maximizing your control and your ability to see around corners.

I wish I had somewhat some of that.

We're dropping a link in the comments so you can learn more about both our friends at Enable and where you can demo this innovative and practical new tool.

Check it out folks.

And Amanda, thank you for dropping a link.

Right there.

Jake, we got to find a way.

Whether you use that tool or other tools or new approaches, innovative approaches at navigating this VUCA environment, we can't sit on our hands.

You've got to be constantly doing scenario evaluations in my view, if you don't have nominally about a dozen live scenarios in play.

Constantly.

Right.

Because as you know, it's not a single point.

It's not.

Well, I can predict it can go from 5 to 15.

Right.

It may go from 5 to 28 and then back off to 20.

It could have tiers.

It's not your multi variable analysts analyzing data.

And you can't do that simply on an Excel spreadsheet.

I am so glad you brought that point up because it reminds me of a recent conversation you and I had with a leading organization out there.

And by reinvesting, really doubling down, tripling down in their ability to run scenarios and get them off spreadsheets, they were able to take scenario planning from, as I recall, from weeks and weeks to 40 minutes to get results.

40 minutes for their entire global network.

Right.

And Jake, of course that's important on its face, but the point they made as part of this conversation was in many cases because it was taking so long to come up with answers driven by spreadsheets.

By the time they arrived at the answer, it was irrelevant, right?

Absolutely.

Because you're walking in to answer a question that got asked a few days earlier and the context of the question has changed again.

Yeah, there's lots of great, innovative, powerful platforms out there that can help.

You got to find one and put it into practice.

The stakes are massive.

Okay, Jake, speaking of great conversations we've been having.

Right.

And folks can find our library wherever you get your podcasts, of course, our webinars over at supply chain now.com but in the front windshield, in terms of what's coming up, we've Got some great shows, folks.

Get a load of these.

Starting with my dear friend, Regine Vallee, chief supply chain officer at Ochsner Health.

You've seen Regine with us in the past.

She's a hall of famer, much like Jake in the health care industry.

She's done some really big things there.

In the run up to the pandemic, she was changing how supply chain gets done and it saved lives.

So join us on July 25th as we talk about how we can really lead with boldness and overcome the naysayers out there.

So stay tuned for that.

We've got Kevin, Omara, dear friend, coming up August 15th.

Jake, it's amazing what Kevin has been doing.

He's co founder of Zero100.

If you don't know Zero100, one of.

The most brilliant supply chain strategists that exist in the globe.

Wow, that is high praise coming from John Wayne, a global supply chain.

You hear that, Kevin?

So join us.

August 15th and we're about to be publishing this big event that we've got set for September 3rd.

So stay tuned.

But Jake, we've got a like a night's roundtable of supply chain Dynamos.

We're talking CS Co from Fortune 1000 companies.

So Jake, when you think about the first two events and then this big panel event we've got set for September.

3Rd, I believe it is women in supply Chain.

Absolutely.

The some of the best women leaders that are out there, but more importantly, the most successful supply chain leaders on the planet.

That's right, September 3rd.

It's going to be an incredible panel session featuring notable women in supply chain doing big things.

And as Jake said, not just because they're women, because they're incredible people, incredible leaders.

So folks, circle September 3rd, August 15th and July 25th.

But Jake, when you think about these conversations coming up, what are some things that you're looking forward to from these discussions?

I'm especially looking forward to the.

Well, first, let's, let's start in the order that you kind of laid them out.

Look, Regine, she is one of the most pragmatic supply chain leaders out there, okay?

So you can throw the end of the world type problems at her and she will literally diagnose it down into a number of manageable steps.

Okay?

So I love the way she thinks through her problem.

Second, the piece with 0 100.

And Kevin, look, if you're really trying to understand where the puck is going currently from an AI perspective, I mean, he's doing a whole session around the age of agentic AI.

You really need to absorb what he's going to be walking through because fundamentally that's how we're going to operate the supply chain.

We're going to operate the supply chain aided by AI productively in a way that turns our people into decision shapers so that we can actually stay ahead of the never normal, which is tough to do, but Kevin's brilliant at that.

Well said.

Cap it off when you get the panel.

I'm telling you guys, this is an all star panel.

We're talking Rene, our CEO and VP of supply chain at Lenovo.

We're talking the chief supply chain officer from Kimberly Clark, the chief supply chain officer from Weston Lamb, the chief supply chain officer from Hasbro.

These are folks that are not only seasoned veteran, but exceptional leaders that I think you're going to walk with some.

Great insights from undoubtedly Jake.

And folks, we want to make it easy for all y' all out there.

Angelina's here.

She says, love it.

I'll be there on July 25th and again in August.

Wonderful, Angelina.

Hope this finds you well.

But if you're like many people out there and you get a thousand emails a day and you're trying to get your role, your job, leading supply chains done, you know, getting that done day in and day out, we're happy to make it easy for you, Amanda, if you drop that link where you can sign up one time and then we'll make sure you get registered for all of our big upcoming events, that makes life easier.

No need in continuing to register and, and go through all of that.

We're here to make your life easier and also help inform, educate and, and hopefully, hopefully entertain a bit as well.

I'd actually encourage Scott viewers to turn a couple of these upcoming events into what I call lunch and learn opportunities.

It's not just for you as an individual, which is great, but it's even better when you actually bring your supporting, you know, lead team that you're working with or some of your operations folks around so that you can actually listen, absorb together and then have a debate about after you sign off, hey, how does this fit for us?

Because that's where you get true breakthrough from Jay.

That's an outstanding idea.

How can we get those discussions not only some legs, but some actionable consequences or actual follow up activity.

Actually, we should make it a contest where the first person that actually says they're going to bring their entire lead team, Scott, will actually send you free PB and JS for the entire team.

Hey, I love that Jake and If you don't like PB and J, we'll send you pizzas or something.

So let us know.

Reach out to us.

And Amanda, I see the, the link that you put out there, I think in the private chat.

But drop that link where you can register once, just once, and it makes your life easier if you put that.

There we are.

There we are.

It's right here.

Register once, right here for all of our events.

But I want to go back to Jake's offer.

Hey, if you're bringing your whole team and you're going to have that discussion after the events, shoot me a note and we'll try to deliver some tasty food, make that easier.

Okay.

Hey, Dan, you're sharing your take on bricks and tariffs.

I'm going to read this when I'm we're out of here, but thank you for sharing.

I appreciate that.

All right, so Jake, before we wrap, before we wrap here, when you think about the stories and the conversations and the events and the anecdotes we've kind of walked through here today, or you think about some of our past conversations, feature some people that are really doing global supply chain different.

What's one thing that you would like to share with our audience that they can really take share act on until we talk with them next time?

What's one thing that really sticks out to you, Jake?

Well, I'm going to say not to make light of your superhero theme with your son earlier, but if you're going to be the superhero in a never normal environment that we have found ourselves in, you really have to be a constant learner.

You have to pull down as a leader on your personal investment to absorb more so you can understand more, so you can bring more to the table to solve problems with your team.

Well said, Jake.

Well said.

And you know, along those lines, I had a chat.

Bo Groover appeared on the bus a couple weeks ago.

And I've known Bo a long time.

I've seen him in action leading teams and organizations a long time.

But one thing, several things, but one thing in particular really stood out to me as he's been involved in training folks and teams.

And one of his sayings he likes to, especially when he's talking to leaders, is before you go out and try to train up your people, you got to start with yourself.

And that's kind of what one of the points you were making there, Jake.

Folks need to hear that.

Absolutely.

Leaders have to invest as much in themselves as they do in the organization today because we're in the fast and the Furious in terms of the pace of information, download, etc.

You got to be the conduit for how to rationalize that to your team.

So that's right.

Conduit.

Back to the copper story.

How we can't leave copper alone.

But Jake, well said as always, folks.

Check out that episode with Bo Grover.

I think we published that a week or two ago.

Check out these events coming up, right?

I know we're in content overload, but I'm telling you, these events that we just highlighted are going to bring strategies and ideas and real moments that you can take and act and share with your team.

So, and the offer stands, if you plan on bringing your team and have that post event discussion, shoot me a note and we'll find ways to make it easier.

All right, big thanks, Jake Barr, AKA the John Wayne of global supply chain.

We're always efficient when you join us, Jake.

You're just.

That's how you're wired, huh?

Time is money, my friend.

Time is money, folks.

Time is money.

Also, big thanks to Amanda and Joshua behind the scenes.

They're the ones that dropped, not only made this happen, but they also dropped.

All the comments are in the links that help you go back and take action on some things we shared here today.

Big thanks to our global audience, the smartest global audience all of global supply chain.

Great to have you here today.

But you know the homework you got, folks.

You know the homework.

Take one thing.

Jake dropped a litany of things.

17 things at least by last count.

Trying to keep up with him, that's impossible.

Take one thing that we shared here today.

Share it with your team.

Put it into practice, deeds, not words.

That's how we're going to keep transforming global supply chain management.

With all that said, on behalf of the entire supply Chain now, team Scott Luton, challenging you.

Do good, give forward.

Be the change that's needed.

We'll see you next time right back here on Supply Chain Now.

Thanks everybody.

Join the Supply Chain now community.

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