Hey there, Alex, it's great to finally
Speaker:connect and to have
Speaker:you on the podcast today.
Speaker:I know it's a little early there.
Speaker:And as you've just mentioned, you've just
Speaker:got your first born
Speaker:that's come into your life.
Speaker:So I really appreciate
Speaker:the time that you're taking.
Speaker:Now, familiar, I'm sure that most people
Speaker:in this space who are familiar with
Speaker:molecular hydrogen are to at least some
Speaker:extent familiar with you and your work,
Speaker:especially as you've been on the podcast
Speaker:circuit a lot in recent times.
Speaker:But for those in the audience who maybe
Speaker:just aren't familiar with you and your
Speaker:story, would you mind just running us
Speaker:through how you end up in this space?
Speaker:Yeah.
Speaker:So this would be going back about a
Speaker:decade, maybe a little bit more.
Speaker:I was in a completely different field.
Speaker:It gave me a lot of freedom
Speaker:financially and time wise.
Speaker:And so my time was
Speaker:spent largely exercising.
Speaker:You know, and competing a little bit of
Speaker:competing and CrossFit, but helping
Speaker:friends get prepped for
Speaker:fights in martial arts.
Speaker:I was training four to six hours a day
Speaker:and I got hit with the mystery virus.
Speaker:It caused an autoimmune like response.
Speaker:I developed sudden onset narcolepsy.
Speaker:I was sleeping 16 plus hours a day.
Speaker:If I sat down for more than
Speaker:a minute, I'd fall asleep.
Speaker:That was a narcolepsy aspect.
Speaker:And I had central nervous system fatigue.
Speaker:So my strength was normal, but I couldn't
Speaker:do anything explosive.
Speaker:Like couldn't jump an inch
Speaker:off the ground, basically.
Speaker:Sorry to interrupt.
Speaker:Was there anything sort of postural then
Speaker:sort of a sort of a POTS component?
Speaker:Do you think?
Speaker:A postural orthostatic hypertension sort
Speaker:of element to that, just with that sort
Speaker:of CNS fatigue or it just sort of screams
Speaker:that sort of
Speaker:autonomic dysregulation to me.
Speaker:Or do you think there was another
Speaker:underlying trigger there?
Speaker:Yeah, I mean for hypertension, my blood
Speaker:pressure by memory wasn't that abnormal,
Speaker:but that was something.
Speaker:Especially when this happened, my resting
Speaker:heart rate was in the mid thirties.
Speaker:My blood pressure was
Speaker:like a hundred over 70.
Speaker:I remember it spiked a little bit, but
Speaker:nothing that the doctor
Speaker:itself was concerning.
Speaker:What was the most concerning is my
Speaker:C-reactive proteins, which
Speaker:were 35 milligrams a liter.
Speaker:Wow.
Speaker:It's like...
Speaker:Or line cancerous.
Speaker:Yeah, it's a hundred times abnormal, you
Speaker:know, and now mine are undetectable.
Speaker:So, you know, 150, 200 plus times higher
Speaker:levels of inflammatory
Speaker:markers than what I currently have.
Speaker:So that lasted a few months and all of a
Speaker:sudden the dust cleared and things
Speaker:started settling back down to normal.
Speaker:And by normal, I mean my C-R-P dropped to
Speaker:like three, which is still what you'd
Speaker:expect when you're sick,
Speaker:when something is going on.
Speaker:But not 34.
Speaker:But when that happened, I had developed
Speaker:osteoarthritis in 11 joints.
Speaker:So the high levels of inflammation for
Speaker:months had basically ravaged every joint
Speaker:that I'd had a previous injury in.
Speaker:Doctors told me that I should never work
Speaker:out again, you know, put me on high
Speaker:levels of like anti-inflammatories and
Speaker:cortisone injections.
Speaker:And I just knew that
Speaker:wasn't a forever solution.
Speaker:At 29 years old and having my life
Speaker:largely been about fitness and exercise.
Speaker:So I just dove deep into what we now call
Speaker:biohacking and looking for absolutely
Speaker:anything that could regulate the
Speaker:inflammatory response.
Speaker:I came across research on hydrogen,
Speaker:hydrogen water and bought
Speaker:a machine for like $5,000.
Speaker:Went on my Mary Way.
Speaker:I was doing countless other things,
Speaker:various supplements, various, you know,
Speaker:therapies, doing cold exposure, you know,
Speaker:sauna, like doing all this, this stuff.
Speaker:And also was doing the
Speaker:anti-inflammatories in
Speaker:the cortisone injections.
Speaker:I must have loved you.
Speaker:Yeah, about nine months in, I fainted in
Speaker:the gym a few times.
Speaker:I wasn't processing my nutrients.
Speaker:I developed multiple ulcers.
Speaker:So I had to abruptly stop the
Speaker:anti-inflammatories.
Speaker:Then my inflammation spiked again.
Speaker:All my joints froze.
Speaker:I couldn't put on a shirt, you know,
Speaker:couldn't, had to lie down
Speaker:to put on socks type thing.
Speaker:And I had to go back to the drawing board
Speaker:because obviously none of the biohacks I
Speaker:was doing were properly working.
Speaker:Only the drugs were working
Speaker:and dove back into the research.
Speaker:And I found new studies on hydrogen water
Speaker:and molecular hydrogen.
Speaker:And they kind of pissed me off because I
Speaker:had this $5,000 machine and it was doing
Speaker:nothing for me, but it just dawned on me.
Speaker:Well, what dose am I getting and what
Speaker:dose are they using in the research?
Speaker:So I started buying the full papers to
Speaker:read the material and methods, quickly
Speaker:discovered that not a single one of the
Speaker:clinical trials was using an electrolysis
Speaker:machine like I'd bought.
Speaker:Um, they were all reporting
Speaker:concentrations and dosages of age two.
Speaker:I had no idea what I was getting.
Speaker:I found a reagent to test the hydrogen
Speaker:and it was undetectable.
Speaker:I had to triple the
Speaker:input to detect anything.
Speaker:So it was, you know, 0.03 parts per
Speaker:million is what I was getting, which is a
Speaker:small fraction of the minimum observed
Speaker:therapeutic threshold to have any
Speaker:physiological effect and the minimum
Speaker:threshold to do anything in the body is
Speaker:not what's going to work or work for the
Speaker:best, you know, for, for anything.
Speaker:So that, uh, gave me a bit of hope and
Speaker:there was nothing commercially available
Speaker:other than these,
Speaker:these electrolysis devices.
Speaker:And, uh, I started doing some tweaking
Speaker:and then I found there was some emerging
Speaker:stuff coming out and I started testing
Speaker:yet it had loads of problems.
Speaker:But, uh, basically between my own, like
Speaker:Jerry rigging of getting these reactions
Speaker:done and trying to maximize it, I started
Speaker:getting to about three parts per million
Speaker:and drinking several
Speaker:liters of the water a day.
Speaker:Um, I was pressurizing
Speaker:it in like thermoses.
Speaker:Um, a few actually exploded in my fridge
Speaker:from the pressure build up.
Speaker:Like, so that was a fun issue, but, uh,
Speaker:within like a week and a half of getting
Speaker:in this high dosage, daily dosage of
Speaker:hydrogen, my joints all loosened and I
Speaker:started feeling energy again and feeling
Speaker:better and I started thinking, wow,
Speaker:there's, there's something here.
Speaker:Um, but, uh, I had a bit of a sober
Speaker:second thought, um, cause I was using
Speaker:elemental magnesium, uh, doing this
Speaker:reaction and I knew enough about the
Speaker:basic chemistry to know that I'm making
Speaker:hydrogen, but I'm not a chemist and I
Speaker:didn't know if there were any side
Speaker:reactions that were making something
Speaker:toxic or harmful, uh, am
Speaker:I doing something wrong?
Speaker:Exactly.
Speaker:Are there heavy metals?
Speaker:Um, so I tested the magnesium I was
Speaker:getting and I pulled in this magnesium.
Speaker:I'd found sources in, in like Eastern
Speaker:Europe and in China, right?
Speaker:Because the, the stuff controlled in the
Speaker:U S like eventually, which is what I'm
Speaker:using, I'm using a pharmaceutical grade
Speaker:of the magnesium, but I had to go through
Speaker:an extensive background check to, to get
Speaker:it and export it, you know, through the
Speaker:state department, because it's heavily
Speaker:controlled right in the U S.
Speaker:Um, and the stuff I was getting in from
Speaker:Eastern Europe and China was never
Speaker:labeled as magnesium.
Speaker:It was always something like
Speaker:silver paint powder, right?
Speaker:Like, um, because I learned it was
Speaker:illegal for them to export.
Speaker:So, um, I tested it.
Speaker:The heavy metals were high, but not
Speaker:dangerously high, like high to be doing
Speaker:every day for the rest of my life.
Speaker:Yeah.
Speaker:Chronically.
Speaker:Exactly.
Speaker:Um, and, uh, uh, uh,
Speaker:found my founding partner, Dr.
Speaker:Holland, he, he's a
Speaker:PhD, uh, organic chemist.
Speaker:Uh, he's, he's
Speaker:originally from the UK actually.
Speaker:Um, and, uh, he's from the pharmaceutical
Speaker:industry and I asked him to take a look.
Speaker:At first he told me, I'm
Speaker:going to save you the money.
Speaker:This is the worst pseudoscience I've ever
Speaker:heard in my life and gave me a long list
Speaker:of reasons why this wouldn't have a
Speaker:physiological effect.
Speaker:And even if it did, why you'd want to
Speaker:inhale rather than drink.
Speaker:Um, fortunately I had read every single
Speaker:paper at that time on molecular hydrogen
Speaker:and its physiological
Speaker:effects, um, including.
Speaker:Data head to head from drinking water to
Speaker:inhalation and the difference in bio
Speaker:availability and
Speaker:different organs and tissues.
Speaker:So I shared this with him.
Speaker:I rebutted every one of his points and he
Speaker:said, well, you know, I'm shocked.
Speaker:I still don't really believe it, but
Speaker:peers, there's enough for
Speaker:me to take a look for you.
Speaker:Sure.
Speaker:I'll, I'll take a look.
Speaker:This is my right.
Speaker:And, uh, he went on looking at my
Speaker:formulation and the chemistry and every
Speaker:day I just sent him a new study.
Speaker:Um, just to pique his interest.
Speaker:I was really excited at this time because
Speaker:it had had such a profound effect on my
Speaker:own health and I want to keep doing it.
Speaker:Uh, and serendipitous serendipitously, I
Speaker:sent him a one paper on a certain heart
Speaker:disease model that I was not aware of,
Speaker:but he was a lead chemist developing
Speaker:small molecules to target
Speaker:that disease at the time.
Speaker:And it was, uh,
Speaker:a phase two ish style, like, uh, double
Speaker:blind clinical trial.
Speaker:And, uh, he called and asked if I wanted
Speaker:to meet for lunch and that
Speaker:he had some findings for me.
Speaker:And, uh, you know, he'd made some tweaks
Speaker:to, to my formulation, but importantly,
Speaker:he wanted to talk about that paper.
Speaker:And he said the other papers he were, he
Speaker:was just having to trust the conclusions
Speaker:because he wasn't really a subject matter
Speaker:expert, but, uh, he remarked that he was
Speaker:on this model and told me he was
Speaker:developing small molecules for it.
Speaker:And he wishes the molecules, his company
Speaker:was developing worked as well as this
Speaker:paper, and he basically said, are you
Speaker:sure you just want this as a do it
Speaker:yourself project,
Speaker:like nobody's doing this.
Speaker:Shouldn't like you're sure you don't want
Speaker:to commercialize this.
Speaker:And, uh,
Speaker:I thought long and hard about it.
Speaker:Um, you know, I, I thought
Speaker:who am I to enter this field?
Speaker:I have no background
Speaker:in this field, right?
Speaker:Um, I, uh, don't want to go into
Speaker:something that requires expertise and
Speaker:just be pushing something
Speaker:that I don't understand.
Speaker:Um,
Speaker:but I'd also promised myself because I
Speaker:abandoned some business ideas that years
Speaker:later, other people thought of and, and
Speaker:you know, what went and distributed.
Speaker:So I promised myself that I'd never let
Speaker:an opportunity like that slip again.
Speaker:Um, so I started doing my due diligence.
Speaker:I spoke to attorneys, uh, the first
Speaker:attorney I spoke to, um,
Speaker:cause I was thinking about raising, you
Speaker:know, funds and if I was going to need
Speaker:to, and I didn't want to, but if I was
Speaker:going to need to, what it would go and
Speaker:strap this.
Speaker:Yeah.
Speaker:Yeah.
Speaker:And, uh, he basically like I told him
Speaker:what I was doing and the research.
Speaker:And, uh, um, by this time we'd actually
Speaker:developed a tablet that was working.
Speaker:And after an hour meeting, he said,
Speaker:listen, I'm not going to charge you for
Speaker:this meeting and I'm not going to charge
Speaker:you to get all this set up.
Speaker:So long as you shake my hand and say that
Speaker:I'm going to be your
Speaker:corporate attorney as you get going.
Speaker:So that gave me even more faith that,
Speaker:okay, like maybe like there's something
Speaker:here, there's something here, right.
Speaker:And I'm getting this
Speaker:kind of encouragement.
Speaker:And then I, I, uh, hand pressed bottles
Speaker:for about, you know, 40, 50 friends,
Speaker:family members, friends of friends that
Speaker:we're dealing with various chronic like
Speaker:pain issues, like,
Speaker:especially like exercise related.
Speaker:And the response was just overwhelming.
Speaker:Everyone's like, what did you give me?
Speaker:This is, this is like magic.
Speaker:Like this is fixing this or fixing that.
Speaker:And all of these, uh, confirmations along
Speaker:the way kept me going.
Speaker:Um, the first year, year
Speaker:and a half was arduous.
Speaker:Um, it only took a few weeks for us to
Speaker:finalize the formulation and a mortar and
Speaker:pestle and making 20 at a time, but
Speaker:making millions at high speed is a
Speaker:different beast entirely.
Speaker:And it was 15 failed scale of attempts
Speaker:over a year and 3000 iterative
Speaker:adjustments to formulation and process
Speaker:before we got our first working
Speaker:formulation that didn't work nearly as
Speaker:well as those firsthand pressed tablets.
Speaker:You know, and, and to be frank, um, even
Speaker:the tablet we have today doesn't work
Speaker:quite as well as the first hand pressed
Speaker:tablets because everything you do in
Speaker:manufacturing can take away, but we're
Speaker:pretty darn close to, to what we did day
Speaker:one, but now we're at least 10,000 get of
Speaker:adjustments into formulation process to
Speaker:continue refining, continue perfecting
Speaker:and be able to make it high speed, but
Speaker:now I had a working product and I can
Speaker:make it, but the next question was, do I
Speaker:want to just be like a zealot believer
Speaker:or, or do I want to put my money where my
Speaker:mouth is and see if this does work
Speaker:because I can't look
Speaker:at myself in the mirror.
Speaker:I can't sleep if I think that I'm just
Speaker:being a fraud, right.
Speaker:And don't know.
Speaker:So I set out on the next task.
Speaker:I emailed every first and corresponding
Speaker:author on every single human study on
Speaker:hydrogen at the time and quite a number
Speaker:of the rodent studies offering free
Speaker:product, free placebo and donations.
Speaker:If they wanted to use my tablet in the
Speaker:research, I got some bites that kept
Speaker:going and, uh, I'm a
Speaker:big believer in truth.
Speaker:So how most companies conduct research is
Speaker:when they're paying for research is under
Speaker:a research agreements, um, and results
Speaker:can only be published
Speaker:if the funding body.
Speaker:Like agree with the findings.
Speaker:Right.
Speaker:I just don't believe that's ethical.
Speaker:We don't know the truth if we don't know
Speaker:what doesn't get published because if it
Speaker:takes a company 10 times to find the
Speaker:result they want, then it doesn't work.
Speaker:Didn't work nine times.
Speaker:Right.
Speaker:Um, so cherry picking
Speaker:dates are just based.
Speaker:Yeah, exactly.
Speaker:And this has allowed us, like we have
Speaker:over 20 clinical trials.
Speaker:Now we have more clinical trials underway
Speaker:than we have published, but because at
Speaker:every step of the way, um, I'm allowing
Speaker:researchers to publish no matter what the
Speaker:outcomes are, right?
Speaker:They can publish if it doesn't work, they
Speaker:can publish if it shows harm.
Speaker:This allows them to get grants, you know,
Speaker:from governmental bodies and agencies and
Speaker:their, their
Speaker:institutions to pay their salaries.
Speaker:So the research we've done would have
Speaker:probably cost in the nine figures, but
Speaker:it's cost us maybe a
Speaker:million or $2 million.
Speaker:I haven't done the math, right?
Speaker:But we've done the research for one, 100,
Speaker:the cost of what most private companies
Speaker:do because we are taking this risk and we
Speaker:want truth to prevail.
Speaker:And if we find out, if we found out it
Speaker:didn't work or it's harming people, then
Speaker:I wouldn't have been able to continue on
Speaker:in the business anyways.
Speaker:Right.
Speaker:So I didn't want to be beholden to this
Speaker:whole like shareholder primacy, which is
Speaker:the biggest evil that's befall in the
Speaker:Western world that I have to do
Speaker:everything to protect earnings, you know,
Speaker:either this is showing that it's working
Speaker:and helping people or it's not right.
Speaker:Because I can always find something else
Speaker:to be my purpose and make money, but I'm
Speaker:not going to do anything for
Speaker:the purpose of making money.
Speaker:Right.
Speaker:Money is a tool for your purpose.
Speaker:It's not the purpose.
Speaker:Right.
Speaker:So that's why I
Speaker:structured things the way I do.
Speaker:And at this time now we have 21 structure
Speaker:function claims legal to like FTC, FDA
Speaker:standards in the U S uh, like I
Speaker:mentioned, we have over 20 clinical
Speaker:trials, a bunch of preclinical trials.
Speaker:We have more clinical trials on the
Speaker:hydrogen tablets than every other
Speaker:commercial hydrogen
Speaker:water product combined.
Speaker:And we have more
Speaker:underway than we have published.
Speaker:So our lead is just growing because of
Speaker:our philosophy for truth and for science.
Speaker:And, uh, again, really it's, it was a put
Speaker:in your money where your mouth is like
Speaker:I'm a believer, but I'm
Speaker:ready to be proven wrong.
Speaker:Right.
Speaker:And let's see what the data shows.
Speaker:Well, thank you for that.
Speaker:That was the most comprehensive
Speaker:introduction I've ever had from anyone.
Speaker:So that was amazing.
Speaker:And it definitely just speaks testament
Speaker:not only to your character, but the
Speaker:amount of effort you put into this and
Speaker:just trying to overcome your own issues.
Speaker:Um, I'd love to come back to the tablets
Speaker:a little later on the conversation.
Speaker:That's okay.
Speaker:So I've got a few more questions there,
Speaker:uh, but just kind of a quick tangent.
Speaker:I mean, I can't do a podcast without
Speaker:talking, uh, going on tangent quickly.
Speaker:Uh, did you ever find out what was really
Speaker:triggering, uh, your, your RA or the
Speaker:other subsequent issues, what is sort of
Speaker:mold issue or anything like that?
Speaker:Or they, they, they think
Speaker:it was a viral infection.
Speaker:Right.
Speaker:Um, it might've hit me
Speaker:a little bit different.
Speaker:Uh, so my roommate at the time who was
Speaker:also a high level computing athlete, um,
Speaker:it hit him different.
Speaker:He, uh, had to go to
Speaker:the hospital a few times.
Speaker:He had pneumonia.
Speaker:He missed a few weeks of work.
Speaker:Um, he didn't have the
Speaker:long lasting effects I did.
Speaker:I think what might've contributed to what
Speaker:happened to me is about a month prior.
Speaker:Um, I stupidly competed in the CrossFit
Speaker:competition about two days
Speaker:after I'd had food poisoning.
Speaker:And that left me so wrecked that I had
Speaker:like borderline Rabdo.
Speaker:Like I couldn't walk up the stairs.
Speaker:Like I slept on the couch because like in
Speaker:my house, I was on the second floor and
Speaker:like, I couldn't make it up the stairs.
Speaker:So like for a couple of days, I slept on
Speaker:the couch downstairs as my legs were like
Speaker:shaking and, you know, not recovering.
Speaker:Um, yeah, yeah.
Speaker:Again, I should have dropped out of that
Speaker:competition, but I was 29 and stupid and
Speaker:thought I was invincible.
Speaker:So I imagine that gut disruption and
Speaker:severe stress following of trying to
Speaker:compete after food poisoning is what
Speaker:triggered the response
Speaker:to the virus that I got.
Speaker:Yeah.
Speaker:And I, I, I, I'm not going to judge you.
Speaker:I grew up a competitive
Speaker:cyclist and, uh, it's different.
Speaker:It's a lovely sport.
Speaker:It's very safe until you fall off in
Speaker:which case it's not.
Speaker:But yeah, and I sort of
Speaker:trained myself into living.
Speaker:I gave myself, uh, a benign bradycardia,
Speaker:uh, used, yeah, same vibe.
Speaker:Used to sort of train until you threw up
Speaker:in your nose, bled, and then sort of
Speaker:wiped it down and just carried on.
Speaker:And this is, and then all of a sudden you
Speaker:hit that critical threshold and your 20s,
Speaker:where everything just
Speaker:starts to fall apart.
Speaker:There's a quote from a jujitsu competitor
Speaker:that I like quite a bit.
Speaker:Um, when you hit 30,
Speaker:you no longer get injured.
Speaker:You start collecting
Speaker:permanent disabilities.
Speaker:Like that.
Speaker:Um, yeah.
Speaker:And I think, yeah, there's definitely a
Speaker:law of diminishing returns, as you know,
Speaker:when it comes to, uh, to exercise.
Speaker:And I suppose it's, it's, it's quite a
Speaker:nice sort of way to sort of segue into
Speaker:the rest of the conversation.
Speaker:It's a bit of an automatic stress is a
Speaker:good thing, but too much is detrimental.
Speaker:Yeah.
Speaker:I mean, this is a book I'm writing that I
Speaker:hope to release by about July called the
Speaker:Stress Hacked and it's not
Speaker:just the body, it's the mind.
Speaker:So it's two books.
Speaker:Um, they meet in the center.
Speaker:You know, inverted kind of like yin yang,
Speaker:because we can't be strong in body
Speaker:without strength of mind and we can't be
Speaker:strong in the mind without health and
Speaker:strength and figure in the body.
Speaker:Um, but all of that, uh, I mean, hydrogen
Speaker:is a hormetic stress.
Speaker:It's just a very mild one.
Speaker:Right.
Speaker:And with every hormetic stress, whether
Speaker:it's emotional, psychological, whether
Speaker:it's physical, uh, you need a certain
Speaker:threshold for it to be therapeutic.
Speaker:But if you go too
Speaker:much, it can be harmful.
Speaker:And typically when you do too much, it's
Speaker:more harmful than the absence of it.
Speaker:And, uh, the right dose for any type of
Speaker:stress, whether it's physical or mental
Speaker:depends not just on the individual, but
Speaker:intra individual every day.
Speaker:What other stress do you have?
Speaker:What is your current state?
Speaker:Right.
Speaker:So that CrossFit competition that, that
Speaker:ruined me was no harder than any other
Speaker:one I'd done or my usual training.
Speaker:But because I just had food poisoning a
Speaker:couple of days before it was too hard.
Speaker:The entirety of that sort
Speaker:of LST at load as it were.
Speaker:Exactly.
Speaker:Right.
Speaker:And this is what a lot of
Speaker:people don't understand.
Speaker:And what I see is the big problem that a
Speaker:lot of people, even medical doctors are
Speaker:recommending universal protocols.
Speaker:Right.
Speaker:That this is your longevity stack of like
Speaker:core meat expressors and everyone should
Speaker:do this exact thing every day.
Speaker:And it's insane.
Speaker:And it really speaks to poor
Speaker:comprehension of how hormesis works and
Speaker:how our physiology works.
Speaker:Yeah.
Speaker:No, I couldn't agree more on this.
Speaker:I think it's definitely something we can
Speaker:come back to a bit later on.
Speaker:Um, yeah, my apologies.
Speaker:Uh, I'm the king of tangents.
Speaker:I am ADHD on top of everything else, but,
Speaker:uh, I'd like to maybe take a step back
Speaker:quickly if that's okay, Alex.
Speaker:And then, and talk more about, um, how
Speaker:molecular hydrogen is working now, uh, in
Speaker:our sort of initial discussion, I want
Speaker:you to go down the, the sort of the
Speaker:mechanism of hydrogen ions and how they
Speaker:sort of drive the production of ATP
Speaker:through the electron
Speaker:transfer chain, all of that.
Speaker:And you thankfully put me on the right
Speaker:track and, and sort of, uh, uh, yeah.
Speaker:Sort of pointed the conversation more
Speaker:towards sort of the semitic side of
Speaker:things, which is what we'll discuss now.
Speaker:Um, but as sort of a molecular level, I
Speaker:mean, you've, you've already sort of, uh,
Speaker:alluded to it with this discussion about
Speaker:hormesis, but how is molecular hydrogen
Speaker:fundamentally working to improve the
Speaker:function of the cell of the mitochondria
Speaker:and subsequently improve
Speaker:the health of the individual?
Speaker:It's closest to, to hormesis, but it's
Speaker:not really hormesis because we haven't
Speaker:found the upper limit
Speaker:where it's, uh, harmful.
Speaker:It's sort of like an anticipatory stress
Speaker:with which our body expects to be a
Speaker:stress, but is so mild that it never
Speaker:seems to appear toxic.
Speaker:Um, now we clearly
Speaker:evolved to anticipate this.
Speaker:Um,
Speaker:if you look at our last
Speaker:universal common ancestor,
Speaker:it actually fed on hydrogen
Speaker:as its fuel source, right?
Speaker:That spawned all life on the planet.
Speaker:Um, our mitochondria came from
Speaker:eukaryotes, which was sort of like a
Speaker:handshake deal between, you know, a
Speaker:hydrogen producing and a hydrogen
Speaker:consuming, you know, organism and, uh,
Speaker:uh, went out to that, that carried on
Speaker:through us now in living things,
Speaker:including the, uh, the, the, the, the,
Speaker:the, the, the, humans, we all have
Speaker:bacteria that produces hydrogen gas and
Speaker:much more relevant to human evolution.
Speaker:Um, we make our H2
Speaker:endogenously by fermenting fiber.
Speaker:Now, if you look at, uh, the diet or
Speaker:ancestral diets in our hunter-gatherer
Speaker:stages before the last 10,000 years of
Speaker:modern horticulture, we were consuming
Speaker:100 to 150 grams of
Speaker:dietary fiber per day.
Speaker:Right?
Speaker:Tremendous amounts.
Speaker:Today, the average person in the Western
Speaker:world gets 10 to 15 grams, but that
Speaker:includes raw food vegans,
Speaker:who are getting like 60 to 80.
Speaker:The average person on a standard American
Speaker:diet, eating a fast food and takeout food
Speaker:diet, is getting zero to
Speaker:three grams of fiber a day.
Speaker:Want to talk about the carnivores?
Speaker:Yeah.
Speaker:Yeah.
Speaker:Bacteria is like any other living thing.
Speaker:If you stop feeding it, it dies.
Speaker:We now know that even supplementing with
Speaker:fiber, for a lot of these people, once
Speaker:you hit middle age, you've had a poor
Speaker:diet, you haven't eaten fiber your life,
Speaker:the hydrogen producing bacteria have died
Speaker:off and what has taken over are
Speaker:methanogens, which are producing methane
Speaker:right instead and
Speaker:actually consuming hydrogen.
Speaker:So you end up with this hydrogen
Speaker:deficiency and hydrogen seems to be this
Speaker:ancient signal that we have.
Speaker:So yes, there's a very, very mild direct
Speaker:stress to the
Speaker:mitochondria that attenuates NFKB.
Speaker:So that's how it's regulating our
Speaker:inflammatory responses.
Speaker:It's activating the NRF2 pathway.
Speaker:That's how it's regulating the redox
Speaker:status, the harmony between our
Speaker:endogenous antioxidants and our
Speaker:beneficial stressors, right?
Speaker:Like nitric oxide and
Speaker:H2O2 and H2S and so forth.
Speaker:So hydrogen is kind of this supervisor.
Speaker:It's a signal that comes and the dials
Speaker:start getting turned.
Speaker:So hydrogen doesn't activate or inhibit
Speaker:anything universally.
Speaker:You look at all of these markers that we
Speaker:see in the literature and there's
Speaker:examples of hydrogen activating them or
Speaker:attenuating inhibiting them, right?
Speaker:Depending on the context, but always for
Speaker:a beneficial response.
Speaker:So for instance, in the longevity space,
Speaker:a lot of people talk about autophagy.
Speaker:When you think that you always want to
Speaker:activate autophagy, which is simply not
Speaker:true, there's a lot of instances where
Speaker:you do not want autophagy activated.
Speaker:So hydrogen in many instances activates
Speaker:autophagy, but in key instances in the
Speaker:research, it has completely inhibited
Speaker:autophagy, such as after drowning
Speaker:resuscitation, after
Speaker:heart failure, right?
Speaker:These are instances you don't want
Speaker:autophagy happening and
Speaker:hydrogen's inhibited them.
Speaker:It's the same thing with
Speaker:oxidative stress and inflammation.
Speaker:Now,
Speaker:these are important parts of our
Speaker:physiological function.
Speaker:What's dangerous about them is when
Speaker:they're chronically dysregulated, either
Speaker:too much or too little.
Speaker:More often than not, it's too much, but
Speaker:there are plenty of
Speaker:instances where it's too little.
Speaker:So for instance, a lot of antioxidants,
Speaker:like they, one don't work.
Speaker:The research has shown that high dose
Speaker:antioxidant therapy leads to higher
Speaker:all-cause mortality.
Speaker:Reductive stress.
Speaker:Yeah, reductive stress, exactly.
Speaker:So antioxidants can be good for some
Speaker:people, some of the time, because if
Speaker:you're in chronic oxidative stress and
Speaker:you have some more antioxidants, it can
Speaker:bring you back down.
Speaker:But if you're just loading up the dose
Speaker:and taking more and more and more, and
Speaker:you're doing that every day, you reach a
Speaker:point where you went to reductive stress,
Speaker:which is just as
Speaker:harmful as oxidative stress.
Speaker:Hydrogen actually is not doing this.
Speaker:It's regulating our
Speaker:endogenous productions.
Speaker:It's not working as a direct antioxidant.
Speaker:So there's some cool research in say rats
Speaker:to enforce swim tests.
Speaker:And this is a model that we use to
Speaker:evaluate stress, you
Speaker:know, exercise induced stress.
Speaker:In the hydrogen plus force swim test
Speaker:group, the rats actually see a higher
Speaker:spike in oxidative
Speaker:stress and inflammation.
Speaker:So their stress response gets
Speaker:potentiated, but then they rebound to
Speaker:homeostatic function faster.
Speaker:So it's as if they worked out
Speaker:harder and recovered quicker.
Speaker:So hydrogen is not blunting the the
Speaker:hermitic stress response, the adaptive
Speaker:stress response of
Speaker:stressors like exercise.
Speaker:It's in fact potentiating
Speaker:them, but then protecting
Speaker:against dysregulation and bringing you
Speaker:back to harmony faster.
Speaker:So all the jumbos can relax about them
Speaker:taking it's not like taking high dose of
Speaker:urgency off your workout and then just,
Speaker:yeah, it's not gonna
Speaker:bludger hypertrophy gains at all, right?
Speaker:It's actually gonna potentiate them.
Speaker:So that's really interesting.
Speaker:And this is what we're seeing.
Speaker:And hydrogen is doing
Speaker:this for a lot of markers.
Speaker:I know in our talks you
Speaker:mentioned PGC1 alpha, right?
Speaker:And a lot of these markers that are
Speaker:linked to things like caloric restriction
Speaker:and fasting, hydrogen seems to mimic them
Speaker:sometimes, you know,
Speaker:in the right context.
Speaker:Now, what I find very interesting, and I
Speaker:still don't have a full grasp on what
Speaker:this means from an evolutionary
Speaker:standpoint, but throughout our
Speaker:hunter-gatherer phase, our times of
Speaker:caloric restriction were typically the
Speaker:inability to hunt and
Speaker:secure meat and fat.
Speaker:So we would have relied on more
Speaker:plant-based food sources, which back then
Speaker:had far more fiber and
Speaker:were less calorically dense.
Speaker:So we would have been getting enough
Speaker:nutrients and enough fiber, but we
Speaker:wouldn't have been getting enough
Speaker:calories and enough protein, right?
Speaker:Going into this deep like fasting-like
Speaker:state, this caloric restriction that
Speaker:activates all these pathways.
Speaker:Well,
Speaker:interestingly, during these
Speaker:times of famine and fasting,
Speaker:their hydrogen, endogenously, would have
Speaker:been amplified, like our ancestors,
Speaker:because they would have been eating more
Speaker:and more plant-based
Speaker:foods full of more fiber.
Speaker:So they would have been getting these
Speaker:huge erratic spikes of hydrogen, which
Speaker:perhaps protected them
Speaker:in these times of famine.
Speaker:And perhaps this is a signal that we've
Speaker:brought with us to modern times.
Speaker:So what's the
Speaker:protein-sparing effect, do you think?
Speaker:Well, we do know there's one interesting
Speaker:study in Drosophilia, where they
Speaker:stop food source on these fruit flies to
Speaker:see how long they survive.
Speaker:And the group that's been
Speaker:supplemented with molecular hydrogen,
Speaker:they survive for substantially longer.
Speaker:Then, you know, the
Speaker:fruit flies have the control.
Speaker:So there's some
Speaker:interesting factors there.
Speaker:Again, not only is it activating these
Speaker:caloric restriction-type pathways, but
Speaker:it's preventing death
Speaker:and harm from extended.
Speaker:So it's regulating our response to these
Speaker:physiological stressors.
Speaker:Yeah, that's fascinating.
Speaker:Okay, well, you've
Speaker:definitely answered all my questions.
Speaker:And I'm glad to see that you sort of at
Speaker:least agree on the fact that, well,
Speaker:sorry, post-cholesterol words, that you
Speaker:like my idea that it's going to also
Speaker:support mitochondrial biogenesis by way
Speaker:of potentially upregulating PGC1 alpha,
Speaker:which for the audience is a, I think, is
Speaker:technically speaking transcription
Speaker:factor, that then drives the production
Speaker:of more of these
Speaker:mitochondria within the body,
Speaker:which for most people, and which is
Speaker:something I think a lot of people seem to
Speaker:forget about is they don't realize that
Speaker:there is this high level of mitochondrial
Speaker:turnover that's constantly happening.
Speaker:And as you alluded to earlier, like
Speaker:everything else,
Speaker:mitochondria become damaged.
Speaker:And when you're in a highly inflamed
Speaker:state, you're going to not only lose the
Speaker:capacity of those mitochondria, but
Speaker:you're also going to
Speaker:lose mitochondria in tandem.
Speaker:I mean, I'm sure you're familiar with Dr.
Speaker:Robert Navier's work on
Speaker:the cell danger response.
Speaker:I'd be actually quite
Speaker:interested to see what he thinks.
Speaker:Are you familiar with
Speaker:the cell danger response?
Speaker:No, no, not off the top of my head.
Speaker:Okay, so Dr.
Speaker:Navier, it's more of a thing in the sort
Speaker:of the CFSME community.
Speaker:Obviously, people are struggling with,
Speaker:yeah, your chronic
Speaker:fatigue syndromes, but Dr.
Speaker:Navier posits essentially that when the
Speaker:cell is stressed, the mitochondria
Speaker:particularly is going to go into what's
Speaker:called a cell danger response state.
Speaker:And it's going to inhibit it, which is
Speaker:going to inhibit the ability to utilize
Speaker:fatty acids to drive ATP to production
Speaker:through oxidative phosphorylation, and
Speaker:that they're then going to
Speaker:sort of rely more on glycolysis.
Speaker:And in doing so, you are going to down
Speaker:regulate the metabolism of that cell to
Speaker:the extent that it actually is not able
Speaker:to, yeah, that you then start to lose the
Speaker:ability of that cell to effectively
Speaker:communicate with neighboring cells, but
Speaker:also just to produce ATP
Speaker:in the effective range.
Speaker:And you cycle through what is essentially
Speaker:cell danger, CDR1, 2, and 3.
Speaker:And individuals who are in this CDR state
Speaker:tend to sort of get stuck in CDR1 and 2,
Speaker:which are these
Speaker:states of cellular arrest.
Speaker:And I'm just sort of trying to plug it
Speaker:all together here, but I would be kind of
Speaker:interested to see what
Speaker:molecular hydrogen would do
Speaker:just with regards to his work.
Speaker:I'd be happy to send you
Speaker:this information on his work.
Speaker:Yeah, send it all, I'll
Speaker:take a deeper look for sure.
Speaker:Yeah, no, I think it's definitely one of
Speaker:the metabolic theories that explains a
Speaker:lot of cellular dysfunction and not only
Speaker:chronic fatigue, but why people get stuck
Speaker:in a state of chronic inflammation and in
Speaker:a state of chronic hyper
Speaker:immune reactivity as well.
Speaker:Alex, I'd love to have a deeper dive into
Speaker:hydrogen and the gut.
Speaker:Now, I know you've talked about this
Speaker:previously, and maybe I'm butchering
Speaker:this, so please feel free
Speaker:to correct me if I'm wrong.
Speaker:But from what I understand, hydrogen is
Speaker:involved in the production of short-chain
Speaker:fatty acids, is that correct?
Speaker:So we don't know the exact mechanisms
Speaker:yet, but we have shown in research that
Speaker:it can increase certain short-chain fatty
Speaker:acids like propionic
Speaker:acid, butyrate acetate.
Speaker:There's been quite a number of studies
Speaker:showing improvements to the microbiome.
Speaker:We have again shown with the tablets that
Speaker:we can reduce calprotectin, so there is a
Speaker:lot of gut protective
Speaker:effects that are happening.
Speaker:We can activate hormones in the gut, like
Speaker:we've regulated ghrelin and GLP1 in
Speaker:clinical trials and pre-clinical trials.
Speaker:So there's a lot of gut-based responses
Speaker:that are happening that mechanistically
Speaker:we do need to uncover more, but it could
Speaker:in part be due to this constant ebb and
Speaker:flow of gases that we have in our gut
Speaker:right now, and how modern lifestyle has
Speaker:dramatically shifted this dynamic away
Speaker:from what we evolved to expect.
Speaker:So by supplementing with high-dose
Speaker:hydrogen, especially for the gut water
Speaker:because it's getting into your gut, this
Speaker:could be basically substituting for what
Speaker:we're lacking in our lifestyle.
Speaker:Okay, and just on that train of thought,
Speaker:if you've got more of these short-chain
Speaker:fatty acids, one would assume that you're
Speaker:going to sort of develop more acrimensia
Speaker:and other beneficial bacteria.
Speaker:They're not only going to increase.
Speaker:There is some research that hydrogen can
Speaker:increase acrimensia too.
Speaker:Okay, or directly.
Speaker:Yeah, well, that supplementing with
Speaker:hydrogen water leads to
Speaker:higher levels of acrimensia.
Speaker:Now, whether that's
Speaker:direct or not, we don't know.
Speaker:Most of the things hydrogen is doing is
Speaker:indirect because when it's tipping the
Speaker:scales on our system and it's dialing up,
Speaker:dialing down in all these various ways,
Speaker:there are countless
Speaker:downstream changes that occur.
Speaker:So with everything hydrogen, it seems to
Speaker:be largely systemic, at least to the
Speaker:tissues that are
Speaker:being properly saturated.
Speaker:So it's still unraveling the rat's nest
Speaker:of what's downstream of what
Speaker:in terms of hydrogen's action.
Speaker:Yeah, and then just on the GLP1 side of
Speaker:things, have you done any investigations
Speaker:or research as your team into the
Speaker:metabolic effects of hydrogen, maybe say
Speaker:relative something like GLP1 agonist?
Speaker:Is there any data out there to show that
Speaker:these compounds are effective at helping
Speaker:to regulate those satiety hormones?
Speaker:So we have, I think it's now seven
Speaker:clinical trials showing substantial
Speaker:improvements in body composition and
Speaker:metabolic health, including ones that are
Speaker:under peer review right now.
Speaker:We've regulated, like I mentioned, GLP1.
Speaker:We returned the peaks and valleys to
Speaker:ghrelin showing proper hunger responses.
Speaker:We've modulated the neurochemistry
Speaker:involved in satiety.
Speaker:We consistently show improvements in
Speaker:various metabolic markers as well, such
Speaker:as blood sugar insulin, cholesterol,
Speaker:triglycerides, everything like that.
Speaker:Again, it's going to be a lot more subtle
Speaker:than throttling a GLP1 agonist full time,
Speaker:but hydrogen isn't a sledgehammer, right?
Speaker:What it is, is it's a fine tool to
Speaker:recalibrate and then over time, your body
Speaker:slowly gets more and more efficient and
Speaker:does things more and more properly in how
Speaker:we evolve to behave.
Speaker:But it's not going to be
Speaker:shocking changes overnight.
Speaker:We're seeing the best metabolic effects
Speaker:after three months, six months.
Speaker:The longer you take hydrogen, the better
Speaker:the results are getting.
Speaker:Yeah, no, I mean, that makes perfect
Speaker:sense, of course, because I think people
Speaker:take this sort of very reductionist view of appetite at the moment
Speaker:anywhere that it's just GLP1.
Speaker:But when you're in an inflamed state, and
Speaker:as most people struggling with metabolic
Speaker:disease are, you're going to have high
Speaker:levels of inflammation, you're going to
Speaker:have low levels of dopamine, you're going
Speaker:to have dysregulated ghrelin,
Speaker:dysregulated leptin signaling, all of
Speaker:which are going to
Speaker:feed into this cascade.
Speaker:It's not just about the GLP1.
Speaker:And subsequently, yeah, if you can work
Speaker:to improve that environment, to sort of
Speaker:re-model or regain that homeostasis, I
Speaker:would have met with something like
Speaker:molecular hydrogen, I would assume that
Speaker:you are then rebalancing the entire
Speaker:satiety system within the body.
Speaker:And I suppose it's just taking a sort of
Speaker:a root scores approach to it apart from a
Speaker:post as you sort of mentioned, just
Speaker:that's rocking GLP1 and hoping to god you
Speaker:don't end up with
Speaker:pancreatitis in 10 years time.
Speaker:Yeah, and that's the thing.
Speaker:Hydrogen is, it's not
Speaker:acting like how we define a drug.
Speaker:It's not having a direct effect on a
Speaker:certain receptor,
Speaker:right, or enzyme in the body.
Speaker:Like hydrogen is playing this regulatory
Speaker:role, like a supervisor within our cell
Speaker:that's directing subtle changes, and then
Speaker:our body starts to correct its own path.
Speaker:Yeah, definitely.
Speaker:What do you think about the idea of sort
Speaker:of running a GLP1 alongside
Speaker:something like molecular hydrogen?
Speaker:I know it's a bit of a blunt, a sort of
Speaker:low hanging question, and definitely
Speaker:something that you'd want to
Speaker:sort of just clip on a reel.
Speaker:But I think that's something that people
Speaker:would want to be interested in.
Speaker:Is that, I mean, just speaking from your
Speaker:own position, would that be something
Speaker:that you would sort of well endorse, but
Speaker:at least
Speaker:hypothetically say is a good idea?
Speaker:So actually, this gets into what I think
Speaker:is the future of the research.
Speaker:And we've now published a number, I think
Speaker:half a dozen of preclinical trials.
Speaker:And we have many more that are either
Speaker:under peer review, under manuscript prep,
Speaker:or in planning, where we're utilizing
Speaker:concurrent use of the hydrogen tablet
Speaker:delivering an approved pharmaceutical
Speaker:ingredient, right, an active
Speaker:pharmaceutical ingredient.
Speaker:What we're finding over and over again is
Speaker:that hydrogen is acting synergistically
Speaker:to potentiate the responses of these
Speaker:drugs, while also
Speaker:mitigating the side effects, right?
Speaker:So it could lead to futures where a lot
Speaker:of these drugs, we can be delivering them
Speaker:in much smaller dosages, also reducing
Speaker:the side effects, getting better results
Speaker:and improving people's health, because
Speaker:there are many, many instances where we
Speaker:do need direct pharmaceutical
Speaker:intervention, you know,
Speaker:for a lot of specific states.
Speaker:So actually, there's certain, you know,
Speaker:GLP1 agonist molecules that are available
Speaker:in say powder form that we've identified
Speaker:on our shortlist to be doing research to
Speaker:look at the combination usage of them
Speaker:with the hydrogen
Speaker:tablet as a delivery method.
Speaker:And this is a future channel I am going
Speaker:into that we're actively going down.
Speaker:It is exploring the use of the hydrogen
Speaker:tablet as what's called a, you know, a
Speaker:pharmaceutical
Speaker:excipient that enhances the
Speaker:availability of the compound
Speaker:or reduce side effects, like basically a
Speaker:functional excipient.
Speaker:So I don't want to
Speaker:register hydrogen as a drug.
Speaker:I don't think it fits
Speaker:into the drug dynamic.
Speaker:I don't think it works as a standalone
Speaker:drug on any one disease, but
Speaker:basically getting it through the
Speaker:regulations like this, a whole wide array
Speaker:of pharmaceuticals could be added to the
Speaker:tablet delivery method, work
Speaker:complementary or synergistically, reduce
Speaker:side effects, and basically
Speaker:be great for everyone involved.
Speaker:From pharmaceutical companies who who are
Speaker:putting in less of their expensive
Speaker:ingredient to get the same effect and
Speaker:probably charging the same on the market.
Speaker:So making more profit in that sense, but
Speaker:for consumers getting better health
Speaker:results with lower side effects, you
Speaker:know, and better
Speaker:long-term improved health.
Speaker:So it's something I'm
Speaker:really excited about.
Speaker:And that's what we're going to be going
Speaker:down more the next few
Speaker:years, five years, 10 years.
Speaker:I mean, that's incredible.
Speaker:I mean, I was aware of the fact you were
Speaker:compounding America hydrogen with various
Speaker:nutraceutical agents, things like PQQ, I
Speaker:think chromium as well.
Speaker:There are a few tablets in the market
Speaker:that you've got that include those
Speaker:specific molecules, but I didn't have any
Speaker:inclination or understanding that you're
Speaker:going down the the
Speaker:pharmaceutical rabbit hole.
Speaker:So that's incredibly interesting.
Speaker:And yeah, I look forward to
Speaker:seeing the results of that.
Speaker:Unfortunately, I'm a synthetic chemist.
Speaker:I'm a biochemist, so I
Speaker:can't offer you insight there.
Speaker:But yeah, that sounds fascinating,
Speaker:something I'll definitely keep my finger
Speaker:on the pulse, the pulse on.
Speaker:Now,
Speaker:Alex, I've heard you sort of talk about
Speaker:and discuss various other ways in which
Speaker:hydrogen can be introduced to the body.
Speaker:Speaking of other
Speaker:ideas you have, I suppose.
Speaker:So looking at it from a topical
Speaker:standpoint, I know it's inhaled.
Speaker:Do you think that there's a sort of a
Speaker:solid future there as well?
Speaker:I mean, I foresee molecular hydrogen
Speaker:being utilized from a topical standpoint
Speaker:to maybe deal with autoimmune conditions
Speaker:like exomens, rices, where there's a high
Speaker:inflammatory load locally on the skin.
Speaker:And obviously, I assume too, just
Speaker:speculating here that there would be some
Speaker:sort of anti-aging effects from a
Speaker:different sort of...
Speaker:Yeah, wrinkle reduction.
Speaker:There's actually research showing reduced
Speaker:wrinkles with bathing in hydrogen water
Speaker:and algae leaves on fruits.
Speaker:So I think the future, we're going to
Speaker:drink it, we're going to bathe in it, and
Speaker:we're going to inhale it.
Speaker:And when you look at all three of these
Speaker:routes of administration, they all have
Speaker:different pharmacokinetics.
Speaker:They saturate different
Speaker:tissues to different extents.
Speaker:So there is some crossover, but we're
Speaker:going to be able to identify better and
Speaker:better as time goes on.
Speaker:For this model,
Speaker:we want to say bathe and
Speaker:inhale or bathe and drink.
Speaker:And we're going to be able to develop
Speaker:better suggested protocols.
Speaker:Now, I do want to say
Speaker:again with all hermudic agents,
Speaker:developing these standards in
Speaker:double-blind RCTs are important from a
Speaker:population standpoint, but every person
Speaker:is going to have different results and
Speaker:you're going to want to adjust it based
Speaker:on your current state.
Speaker:But we will be able to identify at least
Speaker:that inhalation is better for this,
Speaker:drinking is better for that.
Speaker:For instance, what I'll say, bathing,
Speaker:obviously it's getting to a higher
Speaker:concentration, far higher in your skin,
Speaker:in your muscle and
Speaker:connective tissues and such.
Speaker:Inhaling, it's obviously
Speaker:getting higher to your lungs.
Speaker:It's getting substantially higher to your
Speaker:muscles and skeletal tissue than
Speaker:drinking, but not bathing.
Speaker:It's getting higher to your brain than
Speaker:drinking, but drinking the water is also
Speaker:activating gut derived hormones like
Speaker:ghrelin, which have
Speaker:an effect on the brain.
Speaker:So I think for brain issues,
Speaker:you want to inhale and drink.
Speaker:Drinking is obviously
Speaker:getting to your gut the best.
Speaker:It's interacting with
Speaker:the microbiome the best.
Speaker:It's getting to your liver
Speaker:at the highest concentration.
Speaker:So all of the metabolic outcomes of
Speaker:hydrogen are our best through drinking
Speaker:high concentration water, but we're going
Speaker:to be finding out more
Speaker:and more as time goes on.
Speaker:And this is a real area of research focus
Speaker:to figure out which method at what dose
Speaker:is optimal for what condition.
Speaker:And I've dove into the inhalation space
Speaker:where we're just gearing up to announce
Speaker:the soft launch of Inhale H2.
Speaker:That's a project that myself and Dr.
Speaker:Tyler LeBaron have
Speaker:worked on for seven years.
Speaker:He's joined us as our
Speaker:chief scientific officer.
Speaker:So this is the first product he has ever
Speaker:endorsed because he's the co-inventor and
Speaker:it is truly new and novel.
Speaker:We are the first inhalation device on the
Speaker:market that matches what
Speaker:can be done in the research.
Speaker:You can basically choose
Speaker:anywhere from 1% up to 4%
Speaker:with every decimal point in between of
Speaker:hydrogen and your time.
Speaker:But the key is
Speaker:it's a full
Speaker:re-breathing mask with a bladder.
Speaker:We've developed the system
Speaker:to mimic human breathing.
Speaker:So every breath you take is that
Speaker:controlled exact percentage of hydrogen.
Speaker:Whereas with these cannulas,
Speaker:you might breathe in a liter, two liters
Speaker:at once in a deep breath,
Speaker:but that's in one second.
Speaker:And now you didn't get
Speaker:100% of that hydrogen in.
Speaker:That breath is maybe 0.1% or 1% depending
Speaker:on the flow rate of H2 because these
Speaker:nasal cannulas are constant flow rate and
Speaker:they're trickling in.
Speaker:And they're a fraction of what your
Speaker:actual resting rate of inhalation based
Speaker:on minute ventilation
Speaker:and tidal volume are.
Speaker:And most of the H2 is just wrapping up
Speaker:straight out of your mouth.
Speaker:Yeah, it's sort of a Hindenburg wake that
Speaker:happened right there.
Speaker:Yeah, so we developed this machine to
Speaker:mimic human breathing and to work like
Speaker:they're not using any of these machines
Speaker:from China or Japan
Speaker:in the clinical trials.
Speaker:They're mixing gas tanks and sending them
Speaker:to 60 or 100 liter a minute flow rates so
Speaker:that every breath you take
Speaker:is guaranteed to be that dose.
Speaker:We figured how to do this with these
Speaker:one-way valves and this inflatable
Speaker:bladder, where even at a 12 liter a
Speaker:minute flow rate, you can guarantee that
Speaker:every breath you take
Speaker:is the exact percentage.
Speaker:Yeah, I believe again, correct me if I'm
Speaker:wrong, but I think the issue with the
Speaker:Japanese units is that they just
Speaker:under-dosed the amount of hydrogen.
Speaker:They got so wrong.
Speaker:Yeah, they got so wrong.
Speaker:Yeah, so you ended up underdosing it.
Speaker:Yeah, so basically, we breathe at rest,
Speaker:like say sleeping 68 liters a minute.
Speaker:As we're sitting talking at a computer
Speaker:like this, we might breathe 10 liters a
Speaker:minute, 12 liters a minute even.
Speaker:Most of these machines at the 4% gas are
Speaker:at a constant flow rate of
Speaker:one or two liters a minute.
Speaker:Now, at a constant flow rate, so it's
Speaker:just coming in at a constant rate, you'd
Speaker:actually need 60 to 100 liters a minute
Speaker:to make sure that every
Speaker:breath you're taking is at 4%.
Speaker:So that's what we've resolved.
Speaker:All you can breathe is from the bag.
Speaker:Everything you get is from our reservoir,
Speaker:which is a bladder that
Speaker:fills up and then contracts.
Speaker:So you can open the door and see the bag
Speaker:filling up, contracting with your breath
Speaker:and know that everything
Speaker:you're getting is just 4%.
Speaker:That's incredible.
Speaker:What's the ET on that project again?
Speaker:So our betas got great feedback.
Speaker:We've made all the changes.
Speaker:We're actually just finalizing more of
Speaker:the processing details.
Speaker:We're putting out a soft launch offer.
Speaker:So we have such overwhelming support
Speaker:between myself and Dr.
Speaker:LeBaron's connections.
Speaker:Everyone wants this machine.
Speaker:The last thing we want to do is order
Speaker:30,000 of them and find that there's a
Speaker:problem, like a small problem on the one
Speaker:that derails our launch.
Speaker:So we're doing a lot of things.
Speaker:We're doing a limited launch of a large
Speaker:but relatively small amount compared to
Speaker:what the demand is of some really trusted
Speaker:networks who know both Tyler and I well
Speaker:and know that we're
Speaker:going to treat them right.
Speaker:Because again, even if
Speaker:everything's great on the machine,
Speaker:ordering 30,000 machines, selling 10,000
Speaker:machines a month or something, it's going
Speaker:to be difficult to scale up enough
Speaker:service techs like engineers and customer
Speaker:service and everything to make sure
Speaker:everyone's getting the experience and the
Speaker:support that they deserve
Speaker:and that we want to give them.
Speaker:So that's why we're doing this soft
Speaker:launch test order to make sure that we
Speaker:have the infrastructure enough to scale
Speaker:up to make sure that everyone is getting
Speaker:a very high level experience.
Speaker:Yeah, well, I'll
Speaker:definitely start saving my pennies.
Speaker:Just quickly on that one again.
Speaker:So is this going to be sort of direct to
Speaker:consumer or do you sort of foresee it
Speaker:being a sort of a
Speaker:clinical tool to begin with?
Speaker:Yeah, so we have a lot of networks of
Speaker:spas and functional practitioners that
Speaker:want to be onboarding these, but they'll
Speaker:also be the direct consumer.
Speaker:Okay, that's brilliant.
Speaker:Well, that gives me a bit of hope then.
Speaker:Alex, I want to be aware of your time, of
Speaker:course, but I don't think we could have a
Speaker:conversation about molecular hydrogen
Speaker:without at least not quickly discussing
Speaker:hydrogen generators.
Speaker:Now, as I mentioned earlier, I've
Speaker:listened to a few past cards you've done
Speaker:just in preparation for this one.
Speaker:And I know that they, it's just based on
Speaker:what you said, the past
Speaker:that they do seem to struggle.
Speaker:I know you've mentioned something called
Speaker:Henry's Law and that there's
Speaker:an issue with gaskets there.
Speaker:And the fact that these units can't
Speaker:necessarily produce the amount of
Speaker:hydrogen that they do on day one, on
Speaker:maybe day five or day 10.
Speaker:Is this something that you
Speaker:envisage maybe solving yourself?
Speaker:Is this a problem that
Speaker:you would like to tackle?
Speaker:Or is it sort of a bit outside of your
Speaker:wheelhouse at this point?
Speaker:So funny enough, I have a patent on a
Speaker:bottle that uses the
Speaker:tablet to generate hydrogen
Speaker:that I developed years ago.
Speaker:And we knew all these
Speaker:problems were existed.
Speaker:And we didn't use Chinese engineers.
Speaker:We use engineers well
Speaker:in Canada at the time,
Speaker:ordered all the parts in, built them
Speaker:ourselves by hand with
Speaker:this engineering firm.
Speaker:What we were getting like concentrated 13
Speaker:parts per million in these
Speaker:prototypes we built, right?
Speaker:So stable, clear, you can drink, we
Speaker:thought there was going to be great
Speaker:applications for this, but even getting
Speaker:gaskets that were rated like five times
Speaker:higher than what we needed,
Speaker:not a single one of the units lasted 10
Speaker:uses before the gaskets were separating.
Speaker:But even if the gaskets get better, what
Speaker:we started noticing is the pressure,
Speaker:because we're getting to 130, 140 PSI of
Speaker:pressure, it was
Speaker:starting to unscrew the bolts
Speaker:from the force.
Speaker:So we were getting leaking
Speaker:from all sorts of angles.
Speaker:And I want to
Speaker:say that just think about this concept.
Speaker:This table that my computer is on, maybe
Speaker:it's rated for 200 pounds.
Speaker:And say I take a 40 pound weight, and I
Speaker:drop it from a couple
Speaker:inches once, table's fine.
Speaker:But you just keep picking that up and
Speaker:doing it five times a day, every day.
Speaker:That reaches a point and not too long
Speaker:where the table breaks.
Speaker:Is it a point limit to material fatigue?
Speaker:Yeah, yeah, exactly.
Speaker:So this is how these pressurized bottles
Speaker:work is yes, no matter how
Speaker:high up you go in the rating,
Speaker:it's that repeated below
Speaker:pressure, which eventually breaks.
Speaker:And just think about how a drop of water
Speaker:can carve through a mountain,
Speaker:right?
Speaker:Just a constant drop over and over.
Speaker:In time, it will break.
Speaker:So the question isn't if these machines
Speaker:can ever not break, they
Speaker:will always break, right?
Speaker:It's just how much does it cost to make
Speaker:sure that they last six months instead of
Speaker:six days to a couple weeks?
Speaker:And how much does that cost to do?
Speaker:So none of these manufacturers seem to
Speaker:have to be improving on this, which tells
Speaker:me that to make improvements is going to
Speaker:drive up the cost so much for not a good
Speaker:return on longevity.
Speaker:And like I said,
Speaker:we were rated, I can't remember, but our
Speaker:gaskets were rated to something like 750
Speaker:PSI or something like that.
Speaker:And still, they all
Speaker:broke under under 10 uses.
Speaker:So let me get this right.
Speaker:So it's a bad solution relative to, say,
Speaker:the tablets, which have a low barrier to
Speaker:engine terms and costs have a high yield
Speaker:in terms of hydrogen that they are.
Speaker:And they're consistent every time.
Speaker:So even at their best, these bottles that
Speaker:are getting up to five parts per million.
Speaker:Well, that's five parts per million and
Speaker:typically 250 milliliters.
Speaker:So that's 1.25 milligrams of each tube.
Speaker:We're getting 12 parts per million in 500
Speaker:milliliters if you prepare and drink it
Speaker:as we suggest, which is
Speaker:six milligrams of each tube.
Speaker:So we're getting close to like five times
Speaker:as much hydrogen when
Speaker:these bottles are new.
Speaker:And then all of a sudden, a month later,
Speaker:now we're getting 30,
Speaker:40 times more hydrogen.
Speaker:So even when they're brand new, they are
Speaker:not getting close to the
Speaker:dosage that we're getting.
Speaker:And they break pretty fast.
Speaker:And not just even if they solve the
Speaker:gasket issue, there's a secondary issue
Speaker:of the membranes
Speaker:slowly start breaking down.
Speaker:And as they break down, maybe they're
Speaker:releasing heavy metals.
Speaker:We don't have the data on that yet.
Speaker:They're a consumer device.
Speaker:So they're not legally mandated to post a
Speaker:long-term safety kind of info like that.
Speaker:We know that DuPont has put season to
Speaker:cyst to all the Chinese manufacturers
Speaker:that they're not allowed to use their
Speaker:membrane because their membranes aren't
Speaker:rated for contact with something that's
Speaker:for human consumption.
Speaker:So if DuPont is stopping their sales,
Speaker:saying that this is an intended for human
Speaker:consumption, that tells
Speaker:us DuPont knows something.
Speaker:Or at least to me, it suggests DuPont
Speaker:might know something that the Chinese
Speaker:manufacturers don't yet.
Speaker:So they've almost all switched to their
Speaker:own membranes now, because DuPont has
Speaker:removed the ability to use theirs from so
Speaker:many of these manufacturers.
Speaker:And those I assume are
Speaker:questionable as well.
Speaker:I'd just like to see the data.
Speaker:I don't want to say definitely this is
Speaker:going to deliver this or be harmful.
Speaker:It's just too many questions that I
Speaker:wouldn't personally use it
Speaker:until those are answered.
Speaker:But then the final kicker is to make
Speaker:these machines, one, you don't want glass
Speaker:because that becomes a bomb or shrapnel.
Speaker:So you have to use plastic.
Speaker:And then with this repeated
Speaker:pressurization over and over again, how
Speaker:many microplastics and PFAS are you
Speaker:getting into the water?
Speaker:So that's another question.
Speaker:Yeah, definitely.
Speaker:Like I said, I think it's just finding a
Speaker:complex solution to a problem that
Speaker:already has a simple
Speaker:answer, in this case, tablets.
Speaker:Alex, you've been amazing truly, and
Speaker:maybe it's just me, but I get way more
Speaker:starstruck talking to someone like you
Speaker:than I ever would a Tom Cruise type.
Speaker:Before I let you go, though, and I do
Speaker:need to let you go, I'm aware of that,
Speaker:would you be okay if we just ran through
Speaker:a few rapidish fire questions quickly?
Speaker:Yeah.
Speaker:Okay, brilliant.
Speaker:Thank you.
Speaker:All right.
Speaker:So just off the bat,
Speaker:you mentioned this a second ago, but
Speaker:what's the best way to
Speaker:use molecular hydrogen pads?
Speaker:I think that the best way is
Speaker:one, room temperature water.
Speaker:I designed it for room temperature water.
Speaker:Now, the reason for that is we can't
Speaker:really guzzle or chug
Speaker:cold water or hot water.
Speaker:So we designed it to react ideally in
Speaker:room temperature water.
Speaker:You don't want it to be highly alkaline
Speaker:and not distilled either.
Speaker:So you want a little bit of electrolytes
Speaker:like TDS in the water, but really
Speaker:anywhere from three parts per million to
Speaker:200 parts per million.
Speaker:So basically every bottled water on the
Speaker:market and every re mineralizing RO
Speaker:system and every tap water source other
Speaker:than if you're in a well with super hard
Speaker:water is going to work fine.
Speaker:Just don't use alkaline ionized water or
Speaker:highly alkaline mineral water.
Speaker:Don't use carbonated water, which I know
Speaker:is a lot more popular in the UK and
Speaker:Europe than here because then the
Speaker:hydrogen is competing with the CO2 for
Speaker:partial pressure and the CO2
Speaker:wins and it sparges out the H2.
Speaker:That would screw with the
Speaker:zeta potential, is that right?
Speaker:Yeah, so I mean, one, it's going to
Speaker:disrupt H2, only so much can stay in.
Speaker:It's not going to allow saturated H2.
Speaker:There's going to be more collisions which
Speaker:increases the bubble size
Speaker:of the quasi dissolved H2.
Speaker:So it's just going to
Speaker:lead to a bad result.
Speaker:I'd say 500 milliliters is what we
Speaker:designed this for, but the best volume of
Speaker:water is what you can guzzle rapidly.
Speaker:So for instance, in the elderly trials,
Speaker:we use 250 milliliters and most of the
Speaker:middle aged like metabolic
Speaker:trials, we use 330 milliliters.
Speaker:So I guzzle a liter first thing in the
Speaker:morning, but I'm a big guy and so
Speaker:exercise a lot and I can chug a liter
Speaker:first thing in the morning
Speaker:with a lot of my supplements.
Speaker:Most people can't.
Speaker:So I put a few tablets in a
Speaker:liter and then chug it down.
Speaker:But again, most people can't do that.
Speaker:I will say you want to
Speaker:take it on an empty stomach.
Speaker:I do have IP demonstrating that hydrogen
Speaker:in an aqueous solution that has dissolved
Speaker:polysaccharides retains the H2
Speaker:nanobubbles and creates gels and foams.
Speaker:So that's going to
Speaker:happen in your stomach.
Speaker:And actually there is data like someone
Speaker:unaware of my pending IP at the time
Speaker:about this made these
Speaker:hydrogen rich like jello.
Speaker:It was a physicist in Vegas that I ended
Speaker:up talking to a bunch and he dropped the
Speaker:project because he found out about my IP.
Speaker:But they were measuring the hydrogen
Speaker:leaving in the urine after.
Speaker:I'm like, well, if it's all leaving in
Speaker:the urine, then it's not
Speaker:circulating in your body.
Speaker:So hydrogen works by
Speaker:like other hermetic stressors, you want
Speaker:this spike and then
Speaker:this return to baseline.
Speaker:So you want to peak in a valley.
Speaker:So you don't want to eat it with a meal
Speaker:heavy and like carbohydrates or fiber
Speaker:because they're going to retain the H2
Speaker:and it's not going to hit that rapid
Speaker:spike into yourselves.
Speaker:Yeah, definitely.
Speaker:Next one.
Speaker:Have you ever thrown down a tablet down
Speaker:the hatch and then
Speaker:chased it down with water?
Speaker:Have you sort of ever done that?
Speaker:So I have, I don't recommend it because I
Speaker:have when I'm in a rush, I know Dr.
Speaker:LaBaron talks about it.
Speaker:He does it when he's in an absolute rush
Speaker:and doesn't like he's late walking up the
Speaker:door, I'm late walking up the door and I
Speaker:don't have like a minute to spare.
Speaker:Why you wouldn't want to do that is if
Speaker:you don't drink enough water, right?
Speaker:And then you might get some
Speaker:unpleasantness in your gut.
Speaker:So we can't recommend that.
Speaker:People are really, really bad at judging
Speaker:what enough water is.
Speaker:You know, I see even
Speaker:when I see people like,
Speaker:even people I'm friends with or family
Speaker:members, I'll see them drop like a tablet
Speaker:in like 50 milliliters of water.
Speaker:And I'm like, what do you
Speaker:think is going on there?
Speaker:Like, you know, stop doing that.
Speaker:Right.
Speaker:So I see that and know that if I tell
Speaker:people, yeah, you can swallow it and
Speaker:chase it with water, they're going to
Speaker:swallow the tablet and take a sip.
Speaker:Right.
Speaker:And now that's not nearly enough water.
Speaker:So you're not going to get
Speaker:the same therapeutic effect.
Speaker:But moreover, you're going to potentially
Speaker:make your stomach upset.
Speaker:Right.
Speaker:And long term use of that, maybe you're
Speaker:going to develop an ulcer or something.
Speaker:So don't do that.
Speaker:I mean, there is a way to do it safely,
Speaker:but there's not a way to advise it to
Speaker:people who are going to listen and do it
Speaker:safely, if that makes sense.
Speaker:Yeah.
Speaker:Is any, sorry, quick tangent on that one.
Speaker:Is any exothermic
Speaker:reaction or heat developed?
Speaker:That would also be an issue, I'd imagine.
Speaker:Okay.
Speaker:Moving on quickly then.
Speaker:Besides molecular hydrogen, what single
Speaker:molecule excites you the most when it
Speaker:comes to supporting health,
Speaker:supporting human longevity?
Speaker:That's in the pipeline, perhaps, or
Speaker:something that may already exist.
Speaker:Yeah.
Speaker:I mean, I know we've
Speaker:talked about Tessa Fencine.
Speaker:I really like that molecule.
Speaker:I'm getting it off the black market.
Speaker:I basically quit drinking and have no
Speaker:desire to drink alcohol
Speaker:since I started Tessa Fencine.
Speaker:I have much less cravings for food.
Speaker:Other than that, it's hard
Speaker:to pinpoint a single molecule.
Speaker:I probably take 100 pills a day, and then
Speaker:liters of supplemental liquids and stuff.
Speaker:So it's really, really difficult to
Speaker:pinpoint one thing, and
Speaker:especially with everything,
Speaker:it depends on the context.
Speaker:For instance,
Speaker:something like methyl folate.
Speaker:When I was getting off Tessa ulcerin
Speaker:replacement and trying
Speaker:to regain my fertility,
Speaker:high dose methyl folate, like five
Speaker:milligrams a day, has been linked to
Speaker:improving male fertility.
Speaker:But you only want to do that for a month
Speaker:or two, because if you're doing that long
Speaker:term and you're not
Speaker:countering it with other B-wedding...
Speaker:Yeah.
Speaker:I mean, because
Speaker:absolutely, with something like TMG.
Speaker:Too many methyl donors.
Speaker:Yeah.
Speaker:All right.
Speaker:It's going to lead to some problems.
Speaker:Definitely.
Speaker:I mean, the moment you start playing
Speaker:around with the methyl folate cycle, the
Speaker:folate cycle, you've got to be careful
Speaker:and you've got to have an understanding
Speaker:of your genetics as well.
Speaker:Okay.
Speaker:So I'll skip one.
Speaker:And the final question is, what's the
Speaker:next for you on the health front?
Speaker:Obviously, you've been through this
Speaker:journey, and I know
Speaker:there's still a long way to go.
Speaker:I think you said you were a candidate for
Speaker:a few different operations.
Speaker:What is next to you in terms of you
Speaker:trying to optimize your health, if you
Speaker:don't mind me asking?
Speaker:So with me, it's always
Speaker:just trying to improve.
Speaker:And I've been getting
Speaker:rounds of stem cells.
Speaker:They've helped a little bit.
Speaker:I need to keep doing that.
Speaker:I'm really actually excited about some
Speaker:other protocols that we're seeing in
Speaker:rodents, but haven't
Speaker:jumped to humans yet.
Speaker:There's protocols where they're doing
Speaker:micro drilling into joints, even if
Speaker:there's just very small pieces of it and
Speaker:injecting them not just with stem cells,
Speaker:but various peptides and
Speaker:block building molecules.
Speaker:They're able to completely
Speaker:regrow joints in rodents now.
Speaker:But there isn't even the highest end
Speaker:clinic in the world that's trying these
Speaker:protocols in humans.
Speaker:So I'd say that is something I am
Speaker:desperately looking forward to, to try
Speaker:and actually regrow the
Speaker:joints that I've lost.
Speaker:Yeah, I can only imagine.
Speaker:Alex, you've been a star.
Speaker:Truly, I appreciate this
Speaker:conversation more than you know.
Speaker:Where can people find you if they do want
Speaker:to learn more about you, if they do not
Speaker:want to learn more
Speaker:about hydrogen tablets?
Speaker:I assume you would point them to HRW.
Speaker:And then I know we mentioned it earlier,
Speaker:but just yet, plug your
Speaker:book that's coming out shortly.
Speaker:Yeah, so alexternava.com is my website.
Speaker:My Instagram is the same at Alexternava.
Speaker:I have a ResearchGate account that you
Speaker:can read some of the papers that I've
Speaker:published or co-authored on.
Speaker:Again, it's Alexternava, my ResearchGate.
Speaker:For the tablets, I mean, I
Speaker:supply to like 100 brands
Speaker:with the Trink HRW.
Speaker:I've written a lot of
Speaker:blog content for them.
Speaker:There's a lot of good content I wrote.
Speaker:Some of it is pretty dated.
Speaker:I would have written it four or five,
Speaker:six, seven years ago.
Speaker:But even the dated stuff
Speaker:is still mostly accurate.
Speaker:There's just new information that could
Speaker:be rewritten, but that's
Speaker:really on them to update it.
Speaker:I can't be rewriting
Speaker:stuff for them forever.
Speaker:But yeah, those would be the best spots.
Speaker:If you're on my social media or on my
Speaker:website, you'll see the new podcast
Speaker:editions that go live.
Speaker:You'll get announcements
Speaker:from my books as they're coming.
Speaker:So I actually released one book, but then
Speaker:I read it after it had gone
Speaker:through the editing process.
Speaker:And I learned a lot because I had
Speaker:approved every
Speaker:paragraph that was being edited.
Speaker:But just looking at the paragraph through
Speaker:kind of like a keyhole,
Speaker:and I didn't think to
Speaker:read it chronologically.
Speaker:And then it came out and then I pulled it
Speaker:because I started
Speaker:reading it chronologically.
Speaker:I'm like, oh man, this is lost nuance.
Speaker:It's changed my voice.
Speaker:It's a little repetitive.
Speaker:So I pulled it.
Speaker:That's being rewritten.
Speaker:But actually, I think it's more fitting
Speaker:because the book that I wanted to release
Speaker:first, Stress Hacked, I was going to
Speaker:release second because the final thought
Speaker:war was complete and Stress Hacked was
Speaker:only about 90% complete
Speaker:when I made this decision.
Speaker:But now Stress Hacked is
Speaker:complete going through editing.
Speaker:So now I'm having to redo the editing of
Speaker:the final thought war.
Speaker:So they're going to get reversed, which I
Speaker:originally wanted it that way anyways.
Speaker:But I've written to various levels of
Speaker:finished seven books right now.
Speaker:So they'll be slowly
Speaker:released over the next few years.
Speaker:That's impressive.
Speaker:I'll definitely be getting
Speaker:every single one of them.
Speaker:And as I mentioned during our sort of
Speaker:initial
Speaker:correspondence, that's impressive.
Speaker:So I'm still trying to come
Speaker:up with the concept for one.
Speaker:Alex, again, thank you
Speaker:so much for your time.
Speaker:This was, again, at the risk of being the
Speaker:most truly a pleasure.
Speaker:And I'm just grateful for the opportunity
Speaker:to talk to you this morning.
Speaker:Awesome.
Speaker:Yeah.
Speaker:Thank you very much for having me.